I suggest starting with a basic blog. Then set it off to the side. Brain storm on what you would have done to make it better.
Then start from scratch again. Improve on it. When done compare code. This for me helps prove I'm getting better.
Then start again, but add more features. Let's say comments and images for the articles, like a banner.
Then do it again with roles and permissions, your own auth code instead of using the basic auth make command. Adding more features like a user's profile page with avatars and bio etc.
Each time also try to add better ui like JavaScript interaction and Ajax calls for certain parts.
I also will start a new project just to build a new interesting feature to play with! Say a simple image gallery to play with uploads, downloads and image manipulation etc and repeat over and over with different plugins and/or ways of coding. Event site is another idea too. Where you create an event, say a party, displaying when, where and times with images and description. This is great practice for dealing with dates, days and time.
I still do that after 10 years. You have to try different things and technology to see where it fits with you.
I suggest blogs to start as it can be pretty basic or very dynamic and complicated. Plus a butt load of tutorials and examples too. Maybe the hello world for Laravel.