How does Laracasts implement gamification?

Hey Jeffrey, really grateful to have Laracasts as a resource; I learn something new almost everyday! We are in the process of integrating with a LMS provider, but I am interested in knowing more about what it would take to build out our own LMS, or at least gamify our site. I'm really impressed with what appear to be gamification features on Laracasts: badges, levels, points, etc.

Without disclosing too much of Laracasts' secret sauce, would you be willing to share how you implemented some of these features or some general concepts/resources to get started?

Thanks for all that you do, look forward to your reply!