Assuming your orderBy doesn't throw any error on your TrelloCard and the page loads without errors initially, it means the orderBy throws an error when sorting (which I think is what I understood by reading your post). If that's the case, it is caused by the fact that sorting will apply an orderBy clause to your current model (which represents a customer) and since your customer doesn't have a last_progress_date column, it crashes. To solve this, you could keep the same logic, but change your DateTime to Text and remove your second parameter (last_progress_date). You should also put the format inside your callback.
Note: this will not display this date in your forms since it acts as a computed field. But according to your logic, it shouldn't be part of your forms.