The routes have nothing to do with Vue. There are a couple of Vue components that get included with Passport to make your life easier. You'd have to rewrite those if you want that functionality as React components.
From your question I can't tell if you plan to build a React app inside of Laravel, say using Blade to mount your React app, or if you just want Laravel to be an API with something like Node running your app. Either way, Vue isn't required to make Passport work.