OKAY! Hold on, what!? The problem is now fixed. I don't even know what that did to fix it. So here is what I did. I re-ran the initial scaffolding of php artisan ui vue --auth. This then asked me yes or no on a bunch of files because I was replacing them. After saying yes to all of them the problem was fixed. Further investigation lead to this: on my home page I am running two vue graphs:
<div class="col-md-4 mr-5 charts-container">
<div class="col-md-12">
<team-graph
:labels="[@foreach($users as $user)'{{$user->name}}',@endforeach]"
:active-leads="[@foreach($users as $user) {{$user->leads->whereIn('lead_status_id', [2,3])->count()}},@endforeach]"
:inactive-leads="[@foreach($users as $user) {{$user->leads->whereIn('lead_status_id', [1,4])->count()}},@endforeach]"
:dead-leads="[@foreach($users as $user) {{$user->leads->whereIn('lead_status_id', [5,7])->count()}},@endforeach]"
></team-graph>
</div>
<div class="col-md-12 mt-5">
<revenue-graph url="/api/revenue"></revenue-graph>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<h1 class="mb-4">Welcome back, {{Auth::user()->name}}</h1>
<strong>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor.</strong>
<p class="mt-4">Recent Updates</p>
@for ($i = 0; $i <= 4; $i++)
<div class="mb-4 mt-4 col-md-12">
<div class="col-md-2">
<img src="https://picsum.photos/60/60?random={{$i}}" alt="..." class="rounded-circle">
</div>
<div class="col-md-9 mb-3">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</div>
</div>
@endfor
</div>
</div>```
Since these were removed by the process I described above, my login now works. I have no idea how though still.