You can do it by selecing a json object and use that to determine the score. However, I'm not sure if that works in Laravel. You will need a raw query for it.
You can find an example here: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49490867/mysql-aggregated-sum-of-json-objects#answer-49561075
Why not just retrieve the 4 records from the database and sum the results yourself before storing a new value in the database? That should be fast enough for a cronjob ;)