That seems odd...
If you look at the RouteServiceProvider.php file in a default Laravel app (without Breeze installed). You'll see:
public const HOME = '/home';
If you have Breeze installed, it will change it to:
public const HOME = '/dashboard';
So maybe you accidentally deployed a different version of the Laravel app to your server? Or maybe that constant was changed somehow.
At the same time, the redirects seem to happen on the frontend with the breeze-next app, which is confusing.
Anyways, I hope you figure it out eventually.