Why field _created_by is not included when using $guarded

If you want to populate '_created_by' when it is defined as guarded, you cannot assign it from a form, as stated above. Instead, you have to write a code to assign a default value. For example, if _created_by is ALWAYS the currently authenticated user, you can do this:

Create a trait named CreatedByTrait with following content:

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Traits;

trait CreatedByTrait
{
    /**
     * Boot the trait for a model.
     *
     */
    public static function bootCreatedByTrait(): void
    {
        if (auth()->check()) {
            static::creating(function ($model): void {
                $model->created_by = auth()->id();
            });
        }
    }
}

Then, in the model where you have defined _created_by as guarded, include the trait in the beginning:

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Models;

use App\Traits\CreatedByTrait;

class SomeModel extends Model
{
	use CreatedByTrait;
}

With the above code, every time when you create a new record for SomeModel the field for _created_by will be auto-populated with the ID of the currently authenticated user.

If you are suing Livewire, same code can be used for #[Locked] properties.

$guarded = []; and $fillable are opposite to eachother When you are use fillable its checking columns are exists in fillable array But when you use guarded its allow all columns that are not exists in guarded