I get error 404 Not Found (seen in devtools), but when I try to use the same path and image from within a Blade file as <img>, it works:
<img src="/assets/icons/arrow.svg" alt="">
I can see that it might be related to the Vite dev server because it tries to get the images that are loaded from CSS files via http://[::1]:5173/assets/icons/arrow.svg
and when it's in the <img> it's from localhost:8000.