Laravel middleware is not loading

Steps to recreate the issue:

Create a new Laravel 12 project. composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel test-middleware cd test-middleware
Create the middleware. php artisan make:middleware TestMiddlewareLoading
Create Kernel.php within app/Http folder. Paste the following contents

<?php

namespace App\Http;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel as HttpKernel;

class Kernel extends HttpKernel
{
    /**
     * The application's global HTTP middleware stack.
     *
     * @var array<int, class-string|string>
     */
    protected $middleware = [
        \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\HandleCors::class,
        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\PreventRequestsDuringMaintenance::class,
        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ValidatePostSize::class,
        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\TrimStrings::class,
        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ConvertEmptyStringsToNull::class,
    ];

    /**
     * The application's route middleware groups.
     *
     * @var array<string, array<int, class-string|string>>
     */
    protected $middlewareGroups = [
        'web' => [
            \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
            \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
            \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
            \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
            \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
            \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        ],

        'api' => [
            \Laravel\Sanctum\Http\Middleware\EnsureFrontendRequestsAreStateful::class,
            \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class.':api',
            \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
        ],
    ];

    /**
     * The application's middleware aliases.
     *
     * @var array<string, class-string|string>
     */
    protected $middlewareAliases = [
        'auth' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
        'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
        'auth.session' => \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\AuthenticateSession::class,
        'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
        'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
        'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
        'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
        'signed' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
        'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
        'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
    ];
}

Add this code snippet dd('middleware ran'); within the handle method of the middleware.
Serve the application `php artisan serve'
Visit the URL outputted.

middleware ran will NOT be printed.

Any ideas on how to get this working.

jlrdw

1 year ago

Best Answer

Level 75

Use bootstrap\app.php file, Here is mine for example:

<?php

use Illuminate\Foundation\Application;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Configuration\Exceptions;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Configuration\Middleware;

return Application::configure(basePath: dirname(__DIR__))
                ->withRouting(
                        using: function () {
                            Route::middleware('web')
                            ->namespace('App\Http\Controllers')
                            ->group(base_path('routes/web.php'));
                        },
                        web: __DIR__ . '/../routes/web.php',
                        commands: __DIR__ . '/../routes/console.php',
                        health: '/up',
                )
                ->withMiddleware(function (Middleware $middleware) {
                    $middleware->group('web', [
                        \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
                        \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
                        \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
                        \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
                        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ValidateCsrfToken::class,
                        \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
                        \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\AuthenticateSession::class,
                    ]);
                })
                ->withExceptions(function (Exceptions $exceptions) {
                    //
                })->create();

Review the chapter on middle. https://laravel.com/docs/12.x/middleware#manually-managing-laravels-default-middleware-groups

Docs state:

By default, the web and api middleware groups are automatically applied to your application's corresponding routes/web.php and routes/api.php files by the bootstrap/app.php file.

2 likes

qwertynik

1 year ago

Level 5

@jlrdw Thanks your suggestion worked. Will have to use both api and web method to register the middleware since I did not find a way to register a default middleware.

JussiMannisto

1 year ago

Level 50

@qwertynik This is the first thing in your Kernel class:

/**
 * The application's global HTTP middleware stack.
 *
 * @var array<int, class-string|string>
 */
protected $middleware = [
	...
];

qwertynik

1 year ago

Level 5

Thanks @jlrdw I will attempt this and respond here.

JussiMannisto

1 year ago

Level 50

Where are you using the middleware? It's nowhere in the kernel file, and you didn't show your route files.

1 like

qwertynik

1 year ago

Level 5

@JussiMannisto That's right. Sorry for pasting the Kernel contents wrongly. Didn't attach the routes file because there was no reason to attach it. I did not make any changes in the routes file for introducing a new middleware.

JussiMannisto

1 year ago

Level 50

@qwertynik Creating a middleware class does nothing by itself. You have to actually use it, either in individual routes or in middleware groups.

https://laravel.com/docs/12.x/middleware#registering-middleware

Old version with a Kernel file:

https://laravel.com/docs/10.x/middleware#registering-middleware

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