It's not recommended to deploy your application through FTP in general. The most important this is that you save your files on a safe place without exposing your .env file to the world.
You can use FTP by transferring all your files to the correct directory of your website. After that, you need to make one change and that is point the website to the public directory you just uploaded. Not all web hosting providers support this, but without it, I would set up a new server for sure.
Also, the command line is pretty important for Laravel in general. You need it for your migrations, clearing caches, and so on. You are limiting yourself if you using FTP here for sure.