all those file in "node_modules" folder are dependencies for your project and defined in package.json file. you usually require all modules and convert all your ES6 and javascript codes into a single bundle file using webpack, or any other tool. in this case you dont need to upload "node_modules" folder on your server. all you need is that bundle file.
but if you need development environment on your server then thats the other case, so you should install nodejs on the server, upload your package.json file and run 'npm install' on server using ssh