[Laravel 5.1] CSRF TokenMismatchException... only in Google Chrome?

I'm having a very strange issue with the default CSRF middleware in Laravel 5.1

My co-developer, with a fresh clone (and composer install), of our repository is unable to complete a form request in his local environment (with Google Chrome). It works fine on our auto-deployed dev server and my freshly cloned environment.

The view for the form is

{!! Form::open(['url' => '/dashboard/setup', 'class' => 'form-horizontal']) !!}
<fieldset>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">Username</label>
        <div class="col-sm-10">
            <input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" value="{{ old('username') }}" required>
        </div>
    </div>
</fieldset>
<fieldset>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">Date of Birth</label>
        <div class="col-sm-10">
            <input type="text" name="date_of_birth" class="date-picker form-control" value="{{ old('date_of_birth') }}" required>
        </div>
    </div>
</fieldset>
<fieldset>
    <div class="form-group">
        <div class="col-sm-2"></div>
        <div class="col-sm-10">
            <button class="btn btn-primary btn-fill btn-block">Finish!</button>
        </div>
    </div>
</fieldset>
{!! Form::close() !!}

The correct HTML is generated for the form and includes a hidden field with the CSRF token. However, when he submits the form he gets a TokenMismatchException in VerifyCsrfToken.php on line 53. I had him clear his cookies and his browser cache and the issue persisted. This is in the latest version of Google Chrome (which worked fine for me).

What is even more strange, is he did the exact same steps in Mozilla Firefox, and the form submitted without a problem.

So, we tried debugging a bit. We added this code:

dd([
    'session_token' => $sessionToken,
    '_token' => $token
]);

to the tokensMatch($request) function in vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php right before the return statement.

We discovered that in Google Chrome, the tokens would always be mismatched and in Firefox it they would match just fine.

I'm completely lost for what the issue could be, so any kind of help is appreciated.

Thanks, Cameron