You could count the number of posts the user created in the last minute and if it's > 6 redirect back.
$dt = CarbonImmutable::now();
$countPosts = $user->posts()
->whereBetween('created_at', array($dt->subMinute(), $dt))
->count();
Edit : I realize that whereBetween is totally unnecessary since I don't believe your users are able to post in the future. You can just fetch every post with a created_at > now minus 1 minute.
$dt = new Carbon('last minute');
$countPosts = $user->posts()
->where('created_at', '>', $dt)
->count();