When it comes to a stateless approach such as Laravel Passport and Tokens the only way that I can think of that can help you solve your problem will be storing the token into an encrypted cookie or local storage, and then manage the token expiration time.
The downside to this is that it opens up security holes and issues. I would recommend reading This Article to get a basic idea about what are the security issues.
Back in the day, I had to make kind of the same application and I ended up using normal auth authentication and then once the user was logged in, the rest of the app was a SPA for the backend with Vuejs and Vue Router.
I am no means an expert but I haven't really figured out another way to tackle token-based authentication without opening some kind of security issue.