Use two queues. Depending on how strict you are with keeping similar environments, you could use the database driver in development and SQS in prod. Or just two SQS queues.
The docs say: “When the job is actually handled, the queue system will automatically re-retrieve the full model instance from the database. It's all totally transparent to your application and prevents issues that can arise from serializing full Eloquent model instances.“
So you’ll get data from the environment that picks up the job as far as I understand it.
You could pass the environment setting to the job when dispatching it, and check that it matches when it runs, but I think two queues is cleaner.